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Study Chinese
科学技术
众所周知,中国早在一千多年以前就发明了指南针,造纸,火药和印刷术。外国人把这四项发明称为中国的•四大发明•。根据不断发现的资料,中国古代的科技发明已经远远不限于这四项。纺织,航行,石油,地震观测,数学,纸币,陶瓷工艺,火箭,在人飞行都源于中国。中国古代的科学技术有很大的发展,但是到了近代。由于种种历史原因,中国的科技落后了。
1949年新中国建立以后,这一落后面貌已发生了根本性的改变。为发展科学技术,中国政府编制了很多科技发展规划。许多基础工业得到发展和恢复,新的科研机构成立起来了。中国发射了人造地球卫星,成功试验了核弹和氢弹。
八十年代初,中国改革开放的总设计师邓小平提出了“科学技术是第一生产力”的思想。生产力就是有劳动能力的人加上生产手段(工具等)。没有科学,技术和教育,就没有繁荣的国度。所以发展科学技术提到了一个重要的位置。
为了有效地推进高新技术的发展,中国政府在1992年颁布了“国家中长期科学技术发展纲要”- 这就是未来三十年长的发展高新技术的蓝图。
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